Research & Review Papers
Adamitis EM. Appearance matters: A proposal to prohibit appearance discrimination in employment. Wash Law Rev. 1993; 75: 195-223.
Backman L, Dixon RA. Psychological compensation: A theoretical framework. Psychol Bull. 1992; 112: 259-283.
Barrett LF, Swim, JK. Appraisals of prejudice and discrimination. In Swim JK, Stangor C, eds. Prejudice: The target's perspective. New York, NY: NY Academic Press; 1998.
Bessenoff GR, Sherman, JW. Automatic and controlled components of prejudice toward fat people: Evaluation versus stereotype activation. Soc Cog. 2000; 18: 329-353.
Blaine B, Williams Z. Belief in the controllability of weight and attributions to prejudice among heavyweight women. Sex Roles. 2004; 51; 79-84.
Brownell K. Personal responsibility and control over our bodies: When expectations exceed reality. Health Psychol. 1991; 10: 303-310.
Cassista v. Community Foods Inc., 856 P. 2d 1143 (Cal. 1993).
Civil Service Commission v. Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission, 591 A. 2d 281 (Pa. 1991).
Complaint, Birdwell v. Carmike Cinemas, No. 2940014 (M. D. Tenn. 1994).
Complaint, Green v. Greyhoud, No. 92VS55226H (N.D. Ga. 1992).
Complaint, Hollowich v. Southwest Airlines, No. BC035389 (Cal. 1991).
Corrigan PW. Mental health stigma as social attribution: Implications for research methods and attitude change. Clin Psychol Scientif Pract. 2000; 7: 48-67.
Counts CR, Jones C, Frame CL, Jarvie GJ, Strauss CC. The perception of obesity by normal-weight versus obese school-age children. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev. 1986; 17: 113-120.
Cramer P, Steinwert T. Thin is good, fat is bad: How early does it begin? J App Devel Psychol. 1998; 19: 429-451.
Crandall C. Prejudice against fat people: Ideology and self-interest. J Pers Soc Psycho. 1994; 66: 882-894.
Crandall C, Biernat, M. The ideology of anti-fat attitudes. J App Soc Psychol. 1990; 20: 227-243.
Crandall CS, Cohen C. The personality of the stigmatizer: Cultural world view, conventionalism, and self-esteem. J Res Pers. 1994; 28: 461-480.
Crandall CS, Martinez R. Culture, ideology, and antifat attitudes. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1996; 22: 1165-1176.
Crandall CS, Moriarty D. Physical illness stigma and social rejection. Br J Soc Psychol. 1995; 34: 67-83.
Crandall CS, Schiffhauer KL. Anti-fat prejudice: Beliefs, values, and American culture. Obes Res. 1998; 6: 458-460.
Crocker J. Social stigma and self-esteem: Situational construction of self-worth. J Exp Soc Psychol 1999; 35: 89-107.
Crocker J, Cornwell B, Major B. The stigma of overweight: Affective consequences of attributional ambiguity. J Pers Soc Psycho. 1993; 64: 60-70.
Crocker J, Major B. Social stigma and self-esteem: The self-protective properties of stigma. Psychol Rev. 1989; 96: 608-630.
Crossley M. The disability kaleidoscope. N Dame Law Rev. 1999; 74: 621-716.
Deaux K, Ethier KA. Negotiating social identity. In Swim JK, Stangor C, eds. Prejudice: The target's perspective. New York, NY: NY Academic Press; 1998.
DeJong W. Obesity as a characterological stigma: The issue of responsibility and judgments of task performance. Psychol Rep. 1993; 73: 963-970.
DeJong W. The stigma of obesity: The consequences of naïve assumptions concerning the causes of physical deviance. J Health Soc Behav. 1980; 21: 75-87.
Dion KL, Dion KK. Belief in a just world and physical attractiveness stereotyping. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1987; 52: 775-780.
Eagly AH, Ashmore RD, Makhijani MG, Longo LC. What is beautiful is good…:A meta-analytic review of research on the physical attractiveness stereotype. Psychol Bull. 1991; 110: 109-128.
Epstein E. Fat people get a positive hearing in San Francisco: Supervisors set vote on protected status. S F Chron. May 4, 2000.
Frisk AM. Obesity as a disability: An actual or perceived problem? Army Lawyer. 1996; 3-19.
Fuller ML, Groce SB. Obese women's responses to appearance norms. Free Inq Creat Sociol. 1991; 19: 167-173.
Gapinski KD, Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Can television change anti-fat attitudes and behavior? Journal of Applied Biobehavioral Research. 2006; 11: 1-28.
Garcia J. Weight-based discrimination and the Americans with disabilities act: Is there an end in sight? Hofstra Lab Law J. 1995; 13: 209-237.
Gimello v. Agency Rent-A-Car Systems, Inc., 594 A 2d 264 (N.J. Super Ct. App. Div. 1991).
Grogan S, Wainwright N. Growing up in the culture of slenderness: Girls' experiences of body dissatisfaction. Women's Studies Int For. 1996; 19: 665-673.
Hebl MR, Heatherton TF. The stigma of obesity in women: The difference is black and white. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1998; 24: 417-426.
Hebl MR, Mannix LM. The weight of obesity in evaluating others: A mere proximity effect. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 2003; 29: 28-38.
King v. Frank, E.E.O.C. Appeal No. 01893939 at 1 (1990).
Korn JB. Fat. B Univ Law Rev. 1997; 77: 25-67.
Krein v. Marian Manor Nursing Home, 425 N. W. 2d 793 (N.D. 1987).
Major B, Schmader T. Coping with stigma through psychological disengagement. In Swim JK, Stangor C, eds. Prejudice: The target's perspective. New York, NY: NY Academic Press; 1998.
Menec VH, Perry RP. Reactions to stigmas among Canadian students: Testing an attributional-affect-help judgment model. J Soc Psychol. 1998; 138: 443-454.
Miller CT, Downey KT. A meta-analysis of heavyweight and self-esteem. Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 1999; 3: 68-84.
Miller CT, Myers AM. Compensating for prejudice: How heavyweight people (and others) control outcomes despite prejudice. In Prejudice: The target's perspective. New York, NY: NY Academic Press; 1998.
Miller CT, Rothblum ED, Felicio D, Brand P. Compensating for stigma: Obese and nonobese women's reactions to being visible. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1995; 21: 1093-1106.
Nedder v. Rivier College, 908 F. Supp. 66 (D. N. H. 1995).
New York Division of Human Rights v. Xerox Corp., 480 N.E. 2d 695 (N.Y. 1985).
O'Hara MD. Please weight to be seated: Recognizing obesity as a disability to prevent discrimination in public accommodations. Whittier Law Rev. 1996; 17: 895-954.
Perez-Lopez MS, Lewis RJ, Cash TF. The relationship of anti-fat attitudes to other prejudicial and gender-related attitudes. J App Soc Psychol 2001; 31: 683-697.
Perroni PJ. Cook v. Rhode Island, Department of Mental Health, Retardation, & Hospitals: The First Circuit tips the scales of justice to protect the overweight. N En Law Rev. 1996; 30: 993-1018.
Philadelphia Electric Company v. Pennsylvania Human Relations Commission, 448 A 2d 701 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1982).
Post R. Brennan Center Symposium Lecture: Prejudicial appearances: The logic of American anti-discrimination. Calif Law Rev. 2000; 88: 1-40.
Rodin M, Price J, Sanchez F, McElliot S. Derogation, exclusion, and unfair treatment of persons with social flaws: Controllability of stigma and the attribution of prejudice. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1989; 15: 439-451.
Rush LL. Affective reactions to multiple social stigmas. J Soc Psychol. 1998; 138: 421-430.
Russell v. Salve Regina, 649 F. Supp. 391 (D. R. I. 1986).
Russell v. Salve Regina, 938 F. 2d 315 (1st Cir. 1991).
Schwartz MB, Vartanian L, Nosek B, Brownell KD. The influence of one's own body weight on implicit and explicit anti-fat bias. Obes Res. 2006; 14: 440-447.
Schweitzer TA. Academic challenge cases: Should judicial review extend to academic evaluations of student? Am Univ Law Rev. 1992; 41: 267.
Sellick v. Denny's, Inc., 884 F. Supp. 388 (D. Or. 1995).
Smaw v. Virginia Department of State Police, 862 F. Supp. 1469 (E.D. Va. 1994).
Snyder M, Haugen JA. Why does behavioral confirmation occur? A functional perspective on the role of the target. Pers Soc Psychol Bull. 1995; 21: 963-974.
Stangor C, Sullivan LA, Ford TE. Affective and cognitive determinants of prejudice. Soc Cog. 1991; 9: 359-380.
Theran EE."Free to be arbitrary and...capricious": Weight-based Discrimination and the logic of American antidiscrimination law. Cornell J Law Pub Pol. 2001;11.
Weiner B, Perry R, Magnusson J. An attributional analysis of reactions to stigmas. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1988; 55: 738-748.
Ziolkowski SM. Case comment: The status of weight-based employment discrimination under the Americans with Disabilities Act after Cook v. Rhode Island Department of Mental Health, Retardation, and Hospitals. B Univ Law Rev. 1994; 74: 667-686.